What is meant by monetary policy ?

Describe various instruments of monetary policy in India

1. Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) – CRR ek prakar ka nishedh hai, jisake anusar, sabhi bankon ko rakhane ke lie nishulk ya aaspaas 4% se 6% tak ke adhikatam rashi rakhi jaati hai. Yahan tak ki bank dvaara diye gaye loan ka aadha bhag bhi CRR ke antargat rakhana hota hai.
2. Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) – SLR ek aisa nishedh hai, jisake antargat bank ko apane jamavadaon ka aadha bhag government securities mein niveshit karana hota hai.
3. Repo Rate – Repo rate ko rakhane ke lie Reserve Bank of India (RBI) bankon ko mudra dene ke badale mein vah mudra kharidati hai. Jab repo dar kam hota hai, tab bankon ko mudra prapt karane ke lie kam daam ka bhugataan karana hota hai.
4. Reverse Repo Rate – Reserve Bank of India (RBI) bankon se mudra lene ke lie reverse repo dar ka prayog karti hai. Reverse repo dar badhane se bankon ko mudra prapt karane ke lie adhik daam bhugataan karana pad sakata hai.
5. Bank Rate – Bank rate ko bankon dvara Reserve Bank of India (RBI) se liye gaye mudra ke lie bhugataan kee dar ke taur par upayog kiya jaata hai.
6. Open Market Operations (OMO) – Open Market Operations (OMO) ek aisa upakaran hai, jisamen Reserve Bank of India (RBI) sarakari securities ko kharidati aur bechati hai, jisase mudra snchar ki sthiti ko prabhavit kiya ja sakata hai.

In sadhanon ke dvara Reserve Bank of India (RBI) mudra neeti ko prabandhit karati hai aur mudra snchar ki sthiti ko prabhavit karati hai. Mudra neeti ke sadhan ke prayog ke madhyam se, sarkar arthik vikas aur mudra snchar ko prabhavit karane kee koshish karati hai.

What do you mean by ‘privatization’ ? Why is it considered necessary today ? Explain the possible areas of privatization and point out the problems associated with privatization in India

Explain the concept of social responsibility of business. Describe its pros and cons for the business in India.

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