Today we have Read many Generation of Computer In this Article We Read the All Generation of Computers.
First Computer Generations: Vacuum Tubes (1940-1956)
- First generation computers are characterized by the use of vacuum tube.
- A vacuum tube was a fragile glass device, which used filaments as a source of electronics.
- These vacuum tubes were used for calculation as well as storage and control.
- The Example of First Gen of Computer is Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) and Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC)
- The ENIAC was 30-50 feet long, weighed 30 tons, contained 18,000 vacuum tubes, 70,000 registers, 10,000 capacitors and required 150,000 watts of electricity
- First generation computers were too bulky in size which required large room for installation.
Second Computer Generations: Transistors (1956-1963)
- Solid-State components (transistors and diodes) and magnetic core storage formed the basis for the second generation of computers
- Transistor is a device composed of semiconductor material that amplifies a signal or opens or closes a circuit.
- Transistor replaced the bulky electric tubes in the first generation computer.
- They also allowed computers to become smaller and more powerful and faster at the same time.
- The Example of Second Gen is FORTRAN (1956), ALGOL (1958) and COBOL (1959)
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Third Generation Computers: Integrated Circuits (1964-1971)
- The third generation computers were introduced in 1964
- Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips, called semiconductors, which drastically increased the speed and efficiency of computers.
- Silicon is the basic material used to make computer chips, transistors, silicon diodes and other electronic circuits and switching devices because its atomic structure makes the element an ideal semiconductor,
- Computers of this generation were small in size, low cost, large memory and processing speed is very high.
- Examples: NCR 395, B6500, IBM 360,370
Fourth Computer Generations: Microprocessors (1971-Present)
- Fourth generation computers started around 1971 by using large scale of integration (LSI) in the construction of computing elements
- LSI circuits built on a single silicon chip called microprocessors.
- microprocessor contains all the circuits required to perform arithmetic, logic and control functions on a single chip.
- This period, high speed vector processors changed the scenario of high performance computing.
- The personal computer is a Fourth Generation Computer.
- Examples: Apple II, Alter 8800
Fifth Generation Computers (Present and Beyond)
- Fifth generation computers, based on artificial intelligence, are still in development, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today
- Artificial Intelligence is the branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans and allow the computer to take its own decision.
- This generation introduced machines with hundreds of processors that could all be working on different parts of a single program
Conclusion: In this Article We Redding the All Generation of Computer, Please Share this Articles to Your BCA, MCA, Diploma Program Students.