What is Network :
A network is a group of interconnected devices such as computers, servers, printers, and other devices that are capable of exchanging information with each other. In a network, devices are connected by communication channels such as cables, radio waves, or infrared signals, which allow them to share resources, data, and applications.
1. Based on geographical area covered, computer networks can be classified as:
- LAN (Local Area Network) – Covers a small geographical area like a building or campus. Example: Home or office network.
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) – Covers a larger area than LAN, typically a city or town. Example: Cable TV network.
- WAN (Wide Area Network) – Covers a large area such as a country or the world. Example: The Internet.
2. Based on connection method, computer networks can be classified as:
- Wired Network – Uses physical cables to connect devices. Example: Ethernet.
- Wireless Network – Uses radio waves to connect devices. Example: Wi-Fi.
3. Based on topology, computer networks can be classified as:
- Bus Network – Connects devices in a linear fashion with a central cable called a bus. Example: Cable TV network.
- Ring Network – Connects devices in a circular fashion with each device connected to two other devices. Example: Token Ring.
- Star Network – Connects devices to a central hub or switch. Example: Ethernet.Mesh Network – Connects devices to each other in a decentralized manner with each device acting as a relay. Example: The Internet.
- Tree Network – Connects devices in a hierarchical fashion with each device connected to one or more devices above it. Example: Corporate network.
4. Based on communication protocols, computer networks can be classified as:
- TCP/IP Network – Uses TCP/IP protocol to transmit data between devices. Example: The Internet.
- OSI Network – Uses OSI model with seven layers to transmit data between devices.
5. Based on functional relationship between devices, computer networks can be classified as:
- Client-Server Network – Servers provide services to clients. Example: Web server and client.
- Peer-to-Peer Network – All devices are equal and can act as server or client. Example: File sharing.
6. Based on security level, computer networks can be classified as:
- Secure Network – Uses security protocols and encryption to protect data from unauthorized access. Example: VPN.
- Insecure Network – Does not use any security protocols or encryption. Example: Open Wi-Fi network.
These classifications are necessary to apprehend the one-of-a-kind sorts of pc networks and their characteristics, which can assist in designing, implementing, and retaining pc networks in more than a few environments.